Pick your poison, as they say. Whether you eat sweet treats made with sugar or with cheap and ever-present high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), the result remains the same — it’s unhealthy. This was confirmed for me when I asked for expert guidance on the relative merits of “natural” sugar versus “unnatural” HFCS, having noticed the barrage of ads and commercials that now position real sugar as a health food. I called Patricia Crawford, DrPH, RD, director of the Dr. Robert C. and Veronica Atkins Center for Weight and Health at the University of California, Berkeley, to discuss the issue. She said flat out that there is no redeeming quality to sugar — and there is even less to like in HFCS.
The problem with HFCS is that it is in many, if not most, processed foods — you can quickly verify this by checking the label of frozen foods, packaged foods, condiments such as ketchup, and many other seemingly unsweetened foods. Crawford told me that HFCS is ubiquitous because it is so inexpensive, and its development coincided with the introduction of new kinds of processed foods.
A particular concern with HFCS is that research has established that it is not only high in calories, but it doesn’t make you feel full or satisfied — for instance, when it is added to beverages. It’s why you can load up on a 64-ounce HFCS-sweetened regular cola and still feel hungry. The HFCS does not signal the body that it just drank a bucketful of calories, so you still feel like you need a full dinner, too. Unfortunately, the calories do matter — too many calories mean obesity is on the way. Interestingly, the increase in HFCS in our food supply parallels the alarming increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes in the population.
Smart food scientists and marketers are catching on to the bad press about HFCS, which is why careful label-readers may have noticed that cane sugar (in cereals, for instance) is making a comeback. Don’t be fooled. Though this form of sugar may satisfy a sweet tooth, it doesn’t make foods better for you… even when they’re found in health-promoting supermarkets, such as Whole Foods. In the end, according to Dr. Crawford, all simple sugars (even the raw ones) send blood sugar on a roller-coaster ride. These sugar calories add no nutrients and all too often end up replacing healthier foods.
Many scientists believe our sweet tooth is innate. In fact, our first food — breast milk — has a sweet taste. Also, sugar seems to enhance mood, and there is some evidence that low serotonin levels even trigger cravings for sweets. Nonetheless, eating too much sugar or HFCS — or worse, both — will take a toll on your health. Limit yourself to a nibble here and there, and balance it with plenty of healthful food and exercise.
